Sains Malaysiana 50(6)(2021): 1511-1520

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5006-01

Soil Fauna Community Diversity and Response to Wetland Degradation in Nanniwan Wetland, Shaanxi, China

(Kepelbagaian Komuniti Fauna Tanah dan Respons terhadap Kemerosotan Kelembapan Tanah di Tanah Bencah Nanniwan, Shaanxi, China)

CHANGHAI LIU*, YING SHAO & SIPING CAO

College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, China

Diserahkan: 18 Mac 2020/Diterima: 3 November 2020

ABSTRACT

This study is to investigate the soil fauna community characteristics in the Nanniwan wetland, as well as their responses to changed environmental factors. Soil fauna from six representative habitats in the Nanniwan wetland were studied, in the spring, summer, autumn, and winter of 2016. Soil fauna community composition, density, and distribution were investigated. The relationships between soil fauna distribution and soil physicochemical properties were also analyzed. Overall, 3285 individuals were harvested, which belonged to 4 phyla, 10 classes, and 26 orders. The soil fauna density and group numbers differed among these habitats. The structure of the reclaimed wetland soil fauna community was the simplest among all these habitats. Wetland reclamation and degradation reduced the density and diversity of soil fauna, and changed the functional groups of soil fauna, resulting in decreased saprozoic soil fauna and increased predacity soil fauna. The total organic carbon content and the soil pH value represented the main influencing factors of soil fauna distribution. The soil fauna density was positively correlated with the soil total organic carbon and total nitrogen contents, while the soil fauna density was negatively correlated with the pH value. The soil fauna density is closely associated with the environmental factors in the Nanniwan wetland. These findings would help to quantitatively predict and evaluate the ecological function of soil fauna in the Nanniwan wetland.

Keywords: Diversity characteristics; environmental factors; Nanniwan wetland; soil fauna; wetland degradation

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji ciri komuniti fauna tanah di tanah bencah Nanniwan, serta tindak balas mereka terhadap faktor persekitaran yang berubah. Fauna tanah daripada enam habitat mewakilkan tanah bencah Nanniwan dikaji pada musim bunga, musim panas, musim gugur dan musim sejuk tahun 2016. Komposisi, kepadatan dan penyebaran komuniti fauna tanah dikaji. Hubungan antara taburan fauna tanah dan sifat fizikokimia tanah juga dianalisis. Secara keseluruhan, 3285 individu telah dituai yang tergolong dalam 4 filum, 10 kelas dan 26 order. Kepadatan fauna tanah dan bilangan kumpulan adalah berbeza antara habitat ini. Struktur komuniti fauna tanah di tanah bencah yang diambil semula adalah yang paling sederhana antara semua habitat ini. Penambakan dan degradasi tanah bencah mengurangkan kepadatan dan kepelbagaian fauna tanah serta mengubah kumpulan fauna tanah yang berfungsi, mengakibatkan penurunan fauna tanah saprozoik dan peningkatan fauna tanah. Keseluruhan kandungan karbon organik dan nilai pH tanah mewakili faktor utama penyebaran fauna tanah. Kepadatan fauna tanah berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah karbon organik tanah dan kandungan nitrogen, manakala kepadatan fauna tanah berkorelasi negatif dengan nilai pH. Ketumpatan fauna tanah berkait rapat dengan faktor persekitaran di tanah bencah Nanniwan. Penemuan ini akan membantu untuk meramal serta menilai fungsi ekologi fauna tanah di tanah bencah Nanniwan.

Kata kunci: Degradasi tanah bencah; faktor persekitaran; fauna tanah; kepelbagaian ciri; tanah bencah Nanniwan

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: yadxlch@yau.edu.cn