Sains Malaysiana 50(6)(2021): 1521-1529

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5006-02

Deshelled Carica papaya Seeds as Natural Coagulant for Improvement Quality of River Water

(Biji Carica papaya Terkupas sebagai Bahan Penggumpal Semula Jadi untuk Meningkatkan Kualiti Air Sungai)

AMIR HARIZ AMRAN¹, NUR SYAMIMI ZAIDI¹*, KHALIDA MUDA¹, MUHAMMAD BURHANUDDIN BAHRODIN¹ & LIEW WAI LOAN²

¹School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia

²UTM School of Professional and Continuing Education (UTMSPACE), 81310 Skudai, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 27 Ogos 2020/Diterima: 31 Oktober 2020

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the efficiency of deshelled papaya seeds as the natural coagulant in improving quality of river water. The deshelled papaya seeds biomass was mainly characterized for functional groups using FTIR, surface charge and protein content. Coagulation and flocculation tests were conducted using batch test for various dosages and pH values. The optimum dosage and pH were then tested in treating river of Class III to Class V. The functional groups in deshelled papaya seeds were O-H, C=O and C-O groups. The surface charge and protein content was +0.4 meq/g and 363 mg/g, respectively. The deshelled papaya seeds coagulant was able to remove turbidity up to 87.6 and 88.3% for river of Class III and Class IV, respectively, as well as 57.6 and 62.1% of total coliform and Escherichia coli, respectively, from Class III river at dosage 196 mg/L and pH 4. This study demonstrated that the deshelled Carica papaya seeds-derived coagulant is capable in treating common pollutants of river and simultaneously shows antibacterial properties.

Keywords: Antibacterial properties; Carica papaya seeds; deshelled; natural coagulant

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini menilai kecekapan biji betik terkupas sebagai bahan penggumpal semula jadi untuk meningkatkan kualiti air sungai. Biojisim biji betik terkupas ini kebanyakannya dicirikan untuk kumpulan berfungsi menggunakan FTIR, cas permukaan dan kandungan protein.  Ujian penggumpalan dan pemflokulatan telah dijalankan menggunakan ujian kelompok untuk beberapa variasi dos dan nilai pH. Dos dan pH yang optimum telah dikaji untuk merawat sungai kelas III hingga kelas IV. Kumpulan berfungsi biji betik terkupas adalah kumpulanO-H, C=O dan C-O. Cas permukaan dan kandungan protein masing-masing adalah+0.4 meq/g dan 363 mg/g. Penggumpal biji betik terkupas dapat menghilangkan kekeruhan sehingga 87.6 dan 88.3% untuk sungai kelas III dan kelas IV, berserta menghilangkan kandungan sebanyak 57.6 dan 62.1% daripada jumlah koliform dan Escherichia coli, dariapada sungai kelas III pada dos 196 mg/L dan pH 4. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa bijiCarica papaya terkupas - terbitan penggumpal berkebolehan  dalam merawat pencemaran umum di sungai dan secara tidak langsung menunjukkan ciri antibakteria.

Kata kunci: BijiCarica papaya; ciri antibakteria; penggumpal semula jadi; terkupas

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: nursyamimi@utm.my