Sains Malaysiana 50(6)(2021): 1727-1744
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5006-19
Assessing the Potential of Bone Marrow
Concentrate for Cartilage Repair and Regeneration in Animal Models: A Systemic
Review
(Menilai Potensi Kepekatan Sumsum Tulang untuk Pembaikan dan Pembaharuan Tulang Rawan dalam Model Haiwan: Suatu Kajian Sistemik)
NABILLAH ABD RADZAK, MALLIGA
RAMAN MURALI* & TUNKU KAMARUL
Tissue Engineering Group, Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, NOCERAL, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 21 Februari 2020/Diterima:
8 Oktober 2020
ABSTRACT
Bone marrow concentrate (BMC) has been emerging as a promising
regenerative source to accelerate cartilage regeneration in cartilage injuries
and osteoarthritis. Though the number of stem cells in BMC is limited, BMC is
rich in growth factors that promote stem cell differentiation and tissue
regeneration. Despite of multiple reports available on the use of BMC for
cartilage repair in humans and its use in clinical settings, only limited
number of pre-clinical proof of concept studies have been reported in animal
models. Hence, a systematic review focusing on the potential of BMC for the
treatment of cartilage defect in animal models has been conducted. The
systematic search of literature using three popular databases, ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed and
Scopus, were conducted without year restriction. Fifteen (n = 15) studies were
found appropriate and included in this review. All of the included studies were
of different animal models with cartilage defect. 13 out of 15 studies reported
that the usage of BMC gave the best outcome compared to other treatment
methods. Most of the findings provided good scoring on the tissue repair and
the histological outcome. However, most of the BMC group outcomes did not give
a significant difference when compared with other interventions such as the
addition of platelet rich plasma, erythropoietin, hyaluronic acid, transforming
growth factor, autologous tissue implant, genetic modification or scaffoldings.
In conclusion, the published studies do suggest that BMC could provide a better
cartilage repair. However, more preclinical studies are required to provide
definitive conclusions.
Keywords: Animal study; bone marrow aspirate; bone marrow
concentrate; cartilage; systematic review
ABSTRAK
Konsentrasi sumsum tulang (BMC) telah muncul sebagai sumber penjanaan semula yang berpotensi untuk mempercepatkan pertumbuhan tulang rawan dalam kecederaan rawan dan osteoartritis. Walaupun jumlah sel stem di BMC adalah terhad, BMC kaya dengan faktor pertumbuhan yang membantu dalam proses pembezaan sel stem dan penjanaan semula tisu. Walaupun terdapat banyak laporan mengenai penggunaan BMC untuk pembaikan tulang rawan pada manusia dan penggunaannya dalam tetapan klinikal, hanya sebilangan kecil bukti kajian konsep pra-klinikal yang terhad telah dilaporkan dalam model haiwan. Oleh itu, semakan sistematik yang menumpukan kepada potensi BMC untuk rawatan kecacatan tulang rawan dalam model haiwan telah dijalankan. Pencarian sastera sistematik menggunakan tiga pangkalan data popular, ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed dan
Scopus, telah dijalankan tanpa pembatasan tahun. Sebanyak lima belas (n = 15) kajian didapati bersesuaian dan disertakan dalam kajian ini. Semua kajian yang terpilih termasuk model haiwan yang berbeza dengan kecacatan tulang rawan. 13 daripada 15 kajian melaporkan bahawa penggunaan BMC memberi hasil yang terbaik berbanding kaedah rawatan lain. Kebanyakan penemuan memberikan skor yang baik ke atas pembaikan tisu dan hasil histologi. Walau bagaimanapun, kebanyakan hasil kumpulan BMC tidak memberikan perbezaan yang signifikan jika dibandingkan dengan campur tangan lain seperti penambahan platelet kaya plasma, eritropoietin, asid hialuronik, mengubah faktor pertumbuhan, implan tisu autologos, pengubahsuaian genetik atau perancah. Kesimpulannya, kajian yang diterbitkan menunjukkan bahawa BMC dapat memberikan pembaikan rawan yang lebih baik. Walau bagaimanapun, lebih banyak kajian pra-klinikal diperlukan untuk memberikan kesimpulan yang pasti.
Kata kunci: Haiwan; konsentrasi sumsum aspirat; konsentrasi sumsum tulang; rawan; semakan sistematik
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email:
drmurali@um.edu.my
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