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Sains
Malaysiana 50(5)(2021): 1285-1295
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5005-09
Protective Effects of Acehnese Traditionally
Fermented Coconut Oil (Pliek U Oil)
and its Residue (Pliek U) in Ointment
against UV Light Exposure: Studies on Male Wistar Rat Skin (Rattus novergicus)
(Kesan Pelindung Minyak Kelapa Aceh yang
Difermentasi secara Tradisi (Minyak Pliek
U) dan Sisanya (Pliek U) dalam
Salap terhadap Pendedahan Cahaya UV: Kajian pada Kulit Tikus Wistar Lelaki (Rattus novergicus))
NANDA EARLIA1,2,3, MIKYAL BULQIAH2,3,
MUSLEM MUSLEM4, TAUFIQ KARMA5, RIVANSYAH SUHENDRA6,
AGA MAULANA6, MOHAMAD AMIN7, NOVI REANDY SASMITA8,
GHAZI MAUER IDROES9, CRS PRAKOESWA10, EKO SUHARTONO11,
KHAIRAN KHAIRAN12,13 & RINALDI IDROES5,12,13*
1Graduate School of
Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111,
Indonesia
2Faculty of Medicine,
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
3General Hospital Zainoel Abidin, Banda Aceh 24415, Indonesia
4Department of Chemistry,
Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
5Department of Chemistry, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
7Department of Biology,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang
65145, Indonesia
8Computational and
Applied Statistics Research Group, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111,
Indonesia
9Department of Chemical
Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
10Faculty of Medicine,
Universtas Airlangga-Dr Soetomo, General Academic Hospital, Surabaya 60132,
Indonesia
11Department of Medical
Chemistry/Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat,
Banjarmasin 70712, Indonesia
12Departement of Pharmacy,
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
13Pusat Riset Obat Herbal,
Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
Diserahkan: 10 April 2020/Diterima: 1 Oktober 2020
ABSTRACT
A protective effect of Acehnese traditionally
fermented coconut oil (Pliek U oil) and its residue (Pliek U) have been studied against
UVB radiation. The research was performed by preparing the active ingredient in
ointment formulation and protective test in male Wistar rat skin (Rattus
novergicus). Four different extraction
methods were done to produce four active ingredients, that are Pliek U oil (PUO), ethanolic Pliek U oil extract (EPUOE), ethanolic Pliek U extract (EPUE), and ethanolic hexane
residue Pliek U extract (EHRPUE). The
protective effect was determined based on the erythema index (EI), melanin
index (MI), and level of protein oxidation parameters. The protective level
from each active ingredient was studied by PCA analysis. The result showed that
the active ingredient could inhibit the redness and protein oxidation in skin
tissue. PCA results show that concentration (20 v. 40%) does not affect the
protection level of the active ingredients of Pliek U oil, but it does affect
the one of Pliek U. Therefore, these
active ingredients are potential for sunscreen application.
Keywords: Erythema index; light exposure;
melanin index; PCA analysis; Pliek U
ABSTRAK
Kesan perlindungan minyak kelapa Aceh
difermentasi secara tradisi (minyak Pliek U)
dan sisa (Pliek U) telah dikaji
terhadap sinaran UVB. Penyelidikan dilakukan dengan menyediakan bahan aktif
dalam formulasi salap dan ujian pelindung pada kulit tikus lelaki Wistar (Rattus
novergicus). Empat kaedah pengekstrakan
berbeza dilakukan untuk menghasilkan empat bahan aktif, iaitu minyak Pliek
U (PUO), ekstrak minyak etanolik Pliek
U (EPUOE), ekstrak etliolik Pliek U (EPUE) dan ekstrak etanolik heksana Pliek
U (EHRPUE). Kesan perlindungan ditentukan
berdasarkan indeks eritema (EI), indeks melanin (MI) dan tahap parameter
pengoksidaan protein. Tahap perlindungan daripada setiap bahan aktif dikaji
dengan analisis PCA. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa bahan aktif dapat
menghalang kemerahan dan pengoksidaan protein pada tisu kulit. Hasil PCA
menunjukkan bahawa kepekatan (20 v. 40%) tidak mempengaruhi tahap perlindungan
bahan aktif minyak Pliek U, tetapi
mempengaruhi tahap penggunaan Pliek U.
Oleh itu, bahan aktif ini berpotensi untuk aplikasi pelindung matahari.
Kata kunci: Analisis PCA; indeks eritema; indeks
melanin; pendedahan cahaya; Pliek U
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email:
rinaldi.idroes@unsyiah.ac.id
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