Sains Malaysiana 50(1)(2021): 93-99
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5001-10
Oocyte
Differentiation and Reproductive Health of Solitary Tunicate (Styela plicata) from Eastern Coast of Thailand
(Pembezaan
Oosit dan Kesihatan Pembiakan Tunikat Bersendirian (Styela plicata) dari Pantai Timur Thailand)
SENARAT,
S.1, KETTRATAD, J.2, BOONYOUNG, P.3,
JIRAUNGKOORSKUL, W.4, KATO, F.5, MONGKOLCHAICHANA, E.6,
KANEKO, G.7 & POOLPRASERT, P.8*
1Department of Marine Science and Environment, Faculty of Science
and Fisheries Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Trang
Campus, Sikao, Trang, 92150, Thailand
2Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn
University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
3Divison of Health and Applied Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of
Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
4Department
of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
5Amakusa Marine Biological Laboratory, Kyushu University, Kumamoto,
863-2507, Japan
.
6Department of General Education, Faculty of Science and Health
Technology, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
7School of Arts and Sciences, University of Houston-Victoria, 3007 N.
Ben Wilson St. Victoria
Texas, 77901, USA
8Program of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pibulsongkram
Rajabhat University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
Diserahkan: 1 April 2019/Diterima: 21 Jun 2020
Abstract
Histopathological
examination is a widely acknowledged technique to assess the reproductive
health of aquatic organisms, but it has never been applied to the tunicate Styela
plicata, a potential indicator species of
water quality. In this study, we examined the oocyte differentiation of S.
plicata obtained from the eastern coast
of the Gulf of Thailand in order to provide basic information for future
assessment of its reproductive health. The mature gonad of S. plicata comprised several ovo-testicular convoluted
tubes, in which each tube was divided into apical and terminal portions. The
ovarian tissue is located in the apical part of the tunicate body and contained
oocytes of various differentiation stages (asynchronous development type)
consisting of the four phases namely oogonial proliferation phase, primary
growth phase, secondary growth phase (secondary growth and full-growth stages),
and post-ovulatory phase. Changes in the morphology of oocytes and follicular
cells were described for each differentiation stage. In addition, we
unexpectedly observed a high prevalence of atretic follicles (24.5%), which
might indicate the oocyte damage by environmental stresses. These findings
would be useful for future assessment of reproductive histology of S.
plicata and other tunicate species from
environmental perspectives.
Keywords:
Ascidian; histology; reproduction; Styela
plicata; Thailand
ABSTRAK
Pemeriksaan
histopatologi adalah teknik yang telah diakui secara meluas untuk menilai
kesihatan reproduktif organisma akuatik, namun teknik ini tidak pernah
digunakan untuk mengenal pasti Styela plicata iaitu sejenis
spesies yang berpotensi untuk menjadi penunjuk kualiti air. Dalam kajian ini,
kami mengkaji pembezaan oosit S. plicata yang diperoleh dari pantai
timur Thailand sebagai maklumat asas bagi penilaian tahap kesihatan reproduktif
pada masa hadapan. S. plicata yang matang gonad terdiri daripada beberapa
tiub berlingkar ovo-testikular dengan setiap tiub dibahagikan kepada bahagian
apeks dan hujung. Tisu ovari terletak di bahagian apikal daripada badan
tunikat dan mengandungi oosit daripada pelbagai peringkat pembezaan (jenis
pembangunan asingkroni) yang terdiri daripada empat fasa iaitu fasa percambahan
oogonial, fasa pertumbuhan primer, fasa pertumbuhan sekunder (pertumbuhan
sekunder dan peringkat pertumbuhan penuh) dan fasa pasca ovulasi. Perubahan
dalam morfologi oosit dan sel folikel diterangkan untuk setiap tahap pembezaan.
Di samping itu, kami secara tidak sengaja telah mencerap prevalensi folikel
atretik yang tinggi (24.5%), yang mungkin menunjukkan kerosakan oosit oleh
tekanan daripada alam sekitar. Penemuan ini dapat digunakan untuk penilaian
masa akan datang mengenai histologi pembiakan S. plicata dan spesies
tunikat yang lain daripada perspektif alam sekitar.
Kata
kunci: Askidia; histologi; pembiakan; Styela plicata;
Thailand
RUJUKAN
Adams, S.M. 2002. Biological indicators of
aquatic ecosystem stress. American Fisheries Society 3: 104-112.
Anderson, E. & Albertini, D.F. 1976. Gap
junctions between the oocyte and companion follicle cells in the mammalian
ovary. Journal of Cell Biology 71: 680-686.
Bancroft,
J.D. & Gamble, M. 2002. Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques.
London: Churchill Livingstone.
Bawab, F.A.E., Michael, M.I.M., Khalil, S.H. &
Saad, G.A. 2012. Studies on the reproductive and nervous systems of the
protochordate Styela plicata (Lesueur, 1823) to correlate the nervous
activity on reproduction. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research 38:
125-145.
Bellante,
A., Piazzese, D., Cataldo, S., Parisi, M.G. & Cammarata, M. 2016. Evaluation and
comparison of trace metals accumulation indifferent tissues of potential
bioindicator organisms: Macrobenthic filter feeders Styela plicata, Sabella
spallanzanii and Mytilus galloprovincialis. Environmental
Toxicology and Chemistry 35(12): 3062-3070.
Blazer, V.S. 2002. Histopathological
assessment of gonadal tissue in wild fishes. Fish Physiology and
Biochemistry 26: 85-101.
Chen,
Y.T. & Dai, C.F. 1998. Sexual reproduction of the ascidian Polycarpa
cryptocarpa kroboja from the northern coast of Taiwan. Acta Oceanogr
Taiwan 37: 201-210.
Choi,
Y., Lee, C., Rho, S. & Lee, Y. 2004. Reproductive cycle and spawning rhythm
of the ascidian, Halocynthia hilgendorfi ritteri. Korean Journal of
Biological Science 8: 33-40.
Cloney, R.A. 1990. Reproductive Biology of
Invertebrates. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing.
Das, B.M. 1936. On the
structure and function of the ascidian test. Journal
of Morphology 69: 589-601.
Di Bella, M.A., Fedders, H., De Leo, G. &
Leippe, M. 2011. Localization of antimicrobial peptides in the tunic of Ciona
intestinalis (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) and their involvement in local
inflammatory-like reactions. Results in Immunology 1(1): 70-75.
Dietrich, D.R. & Krieger, H.O. 2009. Histological
Analysis of Endocrine Disruptive Effects in Small Laboratory Fish. New
Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
Endean, R. 1960. The blood cells of the
ascidian, Phallrrsia ttzattlmillafa.Journal of Microscopical Science 101: 177-197.
Endean, R. 1955. Studies on the blood and test
of some Australian ascidians. 11. The test of Pyrira sfolonifrra (Heller). Australian
Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 6:
139-156.
Fatma, A.S.M. 2009. Histopathological studies
on Tilapia zillii and Solea vulgaris from Lake Qarun, Egypt. World
Journal of Fish and Marine Science 1: 29-39.
Hamaguchi, S. 1993. Alterations in the
morphology of nuages in spermatogonia of the fish, Oryzias latipes,
treated with puromycin and actinomycin D. Reproduction Nutrition Development 33: 137-141.
Hinton, D.E., Segner, H. & Braunback, T.
2001. Toxic response of liver. In Target Organ Toxicity in Marine and Fresh
Water Teleosts, edited by Shlenk,
D. & Benson, W.H. London: CRC Press. pp. 224-268.
Honegger, T.G. 1986. Fertilization in
ascidians: Studies on the egg envelop, sperm and gamete interaction in Phallusis
mammillata. Developmental Biology 118(1):
118-128.
Johnson,
R., Wolf, J. & Braunbeck, T. 2009. OECD
Guidance document for the diagnosis of endocrine-related histopathology of fish
gonads. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, France.
Kawamura, K., Tiozzo, S., Manni, L., Sunanaga,
T., Burighel, P. & De Tomaso, A.W. 2011. Germline cell formation and gonad
regeneration in solitary and colonial ascidians. Developmental Dynamics 240:
299-308.
Kessel, R.G. 1983. Urochordata-Ascidiacea. In Reproductive
Biology of Invertebrates, Vol. 1. edited
by Adiyodi, K.G. & Adiyodi, R.G. New York: Wiley. pp. 655-734.
Kessel, R.G. 1966. Ultrastructure and
relationships of ooplasmic components in tunicates. Acta Embryologiae et
Morphologiae Experimentalis 9: 1-24.
Manni, L., Zaniolo, G. & Burighel, P.
1995. Oogenesis and oocyte envelope differentiation in the viviparous ascidian Botrylloides
violaceus. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 27: 167-180.
Manni, L., Zaniolo, G. & Burighel, P.
1994. An unusual membrane system in the oocyte of the ascidian Botryllus
schlosseri. Tissue Cell 26: 212-222.
Manni, L., Zaniolo, G. & Burighel, P.
1993. Ultrastructural study of oogenesis in the compound ascidian Botryllus
schlosseri (Tunicata). Acta Zoologica (Stockh) 75: 101-113.
Mayer, I., Shackley, S.E. & Rylan, J.S.
1988. Aspects of the reproductive biology of the bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L.
A histological and histochemical study of oocyte development. Journal of
Fish Biology 33: 609-622.
Mukai, H. 1977. Comparative studies on the
structure of reproductive organs of four botryllid ascidians. Journal of
Morphology 152: 363-380.
Mukai, H. & Watanabe, H. 1976. Studies on
the formation of germ cells in a compound ascidian Botryllus primigenus Oka. Journal of Morphology 148: 337-362.
Mukai, H., Saito, Y. & Watanabe, H. 1987.
Viviparous development in Botrylloides (compound ascidians). Journal
of Morphology 193: 263-276.
Ogura, Y. & Sasakura, Y. 2013. Ascidians as excellent
models for studying cellular events in the chordate body plan. Biological
Bulletin 224: 227-236.
Reverberi, G. 1971. Ascidians. In Experimental
Embryology of Marine and Fresh-Water Invertebrates, edited by Reverberi, G.
Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing Co. pp. 507-550.
Sabbadin, A., Burighel, P. & Zaniolo, G. 1992. Some
aspects of reproduction in ascidians. In Selected Symposia and Monographs,
edited by Dallai, R. Modena: Mucchi. pp. 251-265.
Satoh,
N. 1994. Developmental Biology of Ascidians. New York: Cambridge
University Press.
Spanò,
L., Tyler, C.R., van Aerle, R., Devos, P., Mandiki,
S.N., Silvestre, F., Thomé, J.P. & Kestemont, P. 2004.
Effects of atrazine on sex steroid dynamics, plasma vitellogenin concentration
and gonad development in adult goldfish (Carassius auratus). Aquatic
Toxicology 66: 369-379.
Sugino, Y.M., Tominaga, A., Takashima, Y.
& Ishikawa, M. 1990. Early oogenesis in the ascidian Ciona savignyi. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development 17:
165-170.
Thongra-ar, W., Musika, C., Wongsudawan, W.
& Munhapol, A. 2008. Heavy metals contamination in sediments along the
eastern coast of the gulf of Thailand. Environment Asia 1: 37-45.
Tillitt, D.E., Papoulias, D.M., Whyte, J.J.
& Richter, C.A. 2010. Atrazine reduces reproduction in fathead minnow (Pimephales
promelas). Aquatic Toxicology 99: 149-159.
Tyler, C.R.
& Sumpter, J.P. 1996. Oocyte growth and development in
teleosts. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 6: 287-318.
Villa, L. & Patricolo, E. 2000. The
follicle cells of Styela plicata (Ascidiacea, Tunicata): A SEM study. Zoological
Science 17: 1115-1121.
Wallace, R.A. & Selman, K. 1990.
Ultrastructural aspects of oogenesis and oocyte growth in fish and amphibians. Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 16:
175-201.
Wallace, R.A. & Selman, K. 1981. Cellular and dynamic
aspects of oocyte growth in teleost. American Zoologist 21: 325-343.
West, G. 1990. Methods
of assessing ovarian development in fishes: A review. Journal of Marine and
Freshwater Research 41: 199-222.
Zaniolo, G. 1981. Histology of the ascidian Botryllus
schlosseritunic: In particular, the test cells. Bolletino di Zoologia 48:
169-178.
Zaniolo, G., Burighel, P. & Martinucci,
G.B. 1987. Ovulation and placentation in Botryllus schlosseri (Ascidiacea): An ultrastructural study. Canadian Journal
of Zoology 65: 1181-1190.
*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: poolprasert_p@psru.ac.th
|