Sains Malaysiana 50(1)(2021): 53-61
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5001-06
Genetic Characterization of the Central Javanese Duck
using Microsatellite Markers
(Pencirian Genetik Itik Asli Jawa Tengah menggunakan
Penanda Mikrosatelit)
R
SUSANTI*, ARI YUNIASTUTI & AGUSTIN DIAN KARTIKASARI
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and
Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang, 50229 Indonesia
Diserahkan: 9 April 2019/Diterima:
24 Jun 2020
ABSTRACT
Duck conservation strategy based on genetic
characteristics has been undertaken to preserve indigenous breeds and produce
high quality offspring. In addition, the genetic characteristic analysis
provides further information for studying avian influenza viruses. The aim of
this research was to study the genetic characterisation of indigenous Central
Javanese duck in Indonesia using microsatellite markers. Microsatellite or
simple sequence repeats (SSR) or short tandem repeats (STR) of various breeds
of Central Javanese duck were analysed on 35 local ducks which consisted of
seven variants of Javanese ducks in Central Java. Ten pairs
of duck microsatellite primers were used to amplify the DNA from feathers. Nine out of 10 microsatellite loci (90%)
demonstrated polymorphic patterns containing 50 alleles. The number of alelles
varied from two to 10 alleles at various polymorphic microsatellite loci with
an average of 5.56 alelles per locus. From the study, CAUD013 locus was
determined as the highest heterozygosity with 0.882 score while CAUD030 locus
was the lowest one with 0.034 score. Similarly,
CAUD030 locus had the lowest PIC score (0.30) whereas the CAUD013 locus had the
highest PIC value (0.869). Hence,
it was showed that microsatellite markers were highly polymorphic in several
loci for the Central Javanese duck and may be useful for genetic description of other native duck in
terms of species conservation.
Keywords: Central Javanese Duck;
genetic characterization; microsatellite
ABSTRAK
Strategi pemuliharaan itik berdasarkan pencirian
genetik telah dijalankan untuk mengekalkan baka asli dan menghasilkan keturunan
yang berkualiti tinggi. Di samping itu, analisis ciri genetik itik memberikan
maklumat lanjut untuk mengkaji virus influenza avian. Tujuan penyelidikan ini
adalah untuk mengkaji ciri genetik itik asli Jawa Tengah di Indonesia
menggunakan penanda mikrosatelit. Mikrosatelit atau jujukan mudah berulang
(SSR) atau jujukan tandem pendek (STR) daripada pelbagai baka itik Jawa Tengah
telah dianalisis ke atas 35 ekor itik tempatan yang terdiri daripada tujuh
varian itik Jawa di Jawa Tengah. Sebanyak 10 pasang primer mikrosatelit itik
telah digunakan untuk mengamplifikasi DNA daripada bulu. Sebanyak 9 daripada 10
lokus mikrosatelit (90%) menunjukkan corak polimorfik yang mengandungi 50 alel.
Bilangan alel didapati antara 2 hingga 10 alel di pelbagai lokus polimorfik
mikrosatelit dengan purata 5.56 alel bagi setiap lokus. Daripada kajian ini,
lokus CAUD013 telah ditentukan sebagai heterozigositi tertinggi dengan skor
0.882 manakala lokus CAUD030 adalah heterozigositi terendah dengan skor 0.034.
Begitu juga, lokus CAUD030 mempunyai skor PIC terendah (0.30) sementara lokus
CAUD013 mempunyai skor PIC tertinggi (0.869). Oleh itu, hasil telah menunjukkan
bahawa penanda mikrosatelit mempunyai tahap polimorfik tertinggi pada beberapa
lokus untuk itik Jawa Tengah dan kemungkinan berguna untuk deskripsi genetik
itik asli yang lain untuk keperluan pemuliharaan.
Kata kunci: Itik Jawa Tengah; mikrosatelit; pencirian
genetik
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: r.susanti@mail.unnes.ac.id
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