Sains Malaysiana 50(10)(2021): 2913-2921

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5010-06

Response of Primed Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Seeds towards Reproductive Stage Drought Stress

(Tindak Balas Benih Biji Benih Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Terawat terhadap Tekanan Kemarau di Peringkat Pembiakan)

MOHD SYAHMI SALLEH¹, MOHD SHUKOR NORDIN¹, ADAM B. PUTEH², ROZILAWATI SHAHARI¹, ZARINA ZAINUDDIN¹, MOHAMAD BAHAGIA AB-GHAFFAR³ & NORAZIYAH ABD AZIZ SHAMSUDIN⁴*

¹Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia

²Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³Industrial Crop Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

⁴Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 6 Oktober 2020/Diterima: 25 Februari 2021

ABSTRACT

Seed priming could be promoted as a potential alternative in alleviating drought stress challenges in rice cultivation. The present study was conducted as an attempt to verify potential performance of seed priming in improving seedling growth and harvestable grain yield of rice under reproductive stage drought stress (RS). Seed treatments involved were non-primed seeds as control (T1), hydro-primed (T2) and osmo-primed at -1.0 mPa with polyethylene glycol (PEG6000) (T3). Reproductive stage drought stress (RS) was imposed at soil water potential lower than -60 kPa. The well-watered plants served as control of the experiment. In general, seedling growth of T3 was better than T2 and T1 for all growth parameters in both planting seasons. Yield components were significantly lower in RS as compared to well-watered treatment (WW). The agronomic performance of primed seeds in T2 and T3 were not significantly different with T1 under both RS and WW for both planting seasons. As a conclusion, seed priming treatments used in this study was ineffective in improving agronomic performance of rice under RS. Therefore, other alternatives such as development of drought tolerant rice should be highly emphasized in order to minimize the impact of drought on growth and yield of rice plant.

Keywords: Growth; hydro-primed; polyethylene glycol; yield components

ABSTRAK

Rawatan biji benih berpotensi untuk dipromosikan sebagai alternatif bagi mengatasi masalah tekanan kemarau pada fasa pembiakan bagi penanaman padi. Kajian ini dijalankan bagi membuktikan potensi rawatan biji benih bagi meningkatkan pertumbuhan anak benih dan hasil padi dalam keadaan tekanan kemarau pada fasa pembiakan (RS). Rawatan biji benih yang terlibat ialah biji benih yang tidak dirawat sebagai kawalan uji kaji (T1), hidro prima (T2) dan osmo prima pada -1.0 mPa menggunakanpolietilena glikol (PEG6000) (T3). Tekanan kemarau pada fasa pembiakan (RS) dikenakan pada kadar keupayaan air dalam tanah di tahap -60 kPa. Pokok yang diberi air secukupnya berfungsi sebagai kawalan. Secara umumnya, pertumbuhan anak pokok T3 adalah lebih baik berbanding T2 dan T1 bagi kesemua parameter pertumbuhan dan musim penanaman. Komponen hasil didapati lebih rendah secara signifikan dalam RS berbanding WW. Prestasi agronomi rawatan biji benih T2 dan T3 adalah tidak berbeza secara signifikan dengan T1 bagi kedua-dua keadaan RS dan WW untuk kedua-dua musim penanaman. Kesimpulannya, rawatan biji benih yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah tidak berkesan untuk meningkatkan prestasi agronomi padi di bawah RS. Oleh yang demikian, alternatif lain iaitu penghasilan padi yang toleran terhadap RS perlulah diberikan perhatian bagi mengurangkan impak kemarau terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil pokok.

Kata kunci: Hidro prima; komponen hasil; pertumbuhan; polietilena glikol

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: nora_aziz@ukm.edu.my