Sains Malaysiana 49(8)(2020): 1799-1808
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4908-04
Integration of Fish Culture in Hydroponic
Agriculture in Flood-Prone Areas
(Integrasi Pengkulturan Ikan dalam Pertanian
Hidroponik dalam Kawasan Mudah Banjir)
MD. SHAKHAWATE HOSSAIN1,2* & MD.
JAHANGIR ALAM1
1Department of Fisheries Biology and Aquatic
Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibar Rahman, Agricultural University, Gazipur,
1706, Bangladesh
2Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University
of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany,
389 25, Czech Republic
Diserahkan: 27 Februari 2019/Diterima: 27 Mac 2020
ABSTRACT
Floating bed organic
cultivation of different vegetables, flowers, and seedlings have been shown a
promising means of agricultural crop production in different wetland areas of
Bangladesh. The present study was aimed at finding out the suitability of the integration
of fish in this system in waterlogged areas. The experiment consists of three
treatments namely SB, silver barb Barbonymus gonionotus; T, tilapia Oreochromis niloticus; and SBT, tilapia: silver barb (1:1 ratio) with three
replications of 6.75 m2 floating vegetable beds in each. Fish were stocked at a rate of 3 m-2 for five
months of culture and fed at 1.5% of body weight twice daily. Over the study period, water quality parameters and fish
survival rate did not vary significantly among different treatments.
Tilapia showed significantly higher daily and specific growth rates in mono-
and polyculture, but silver barb only in polyculture system. Thus, total fish
production in kg ha-1 was significantly higher in treatments T (p =
0.001) and SBT (p = 0.001) than SB. Vegetable production was not
significantly different among treatments. In the financial analysis, the
benefit-cost ratio of different treatments was >1, indicating that
investment was financially profitable for all treatments, but treatment T and
SBT were more profitable. Therefore, we can conclude that integrating fish with floating bed agriculture systems
could be an ideal approach to generate alternate income activities and mitigate
climate change effects among disaster-prone waterlogged regions of Bangladesh.
Keywords: Aquaculture; Barbonymus gonionotus; floating bed agriculture; Oreochromis
niloticus; vegetable production
ABSTRAK
Penanaman organik berlapis
secara terapung daripada sayur-sayuran, bunga-bunga dan biji benih yang berbeza
telah ditunjukkan sebagai kaedah yang berpotensi untuk penghasilan produk
pertanian dalam kawasan tanah basah yang berbeza di Bangladesh. Kajian ini
bertujuan untuk menemukan kesesuaian integrasi ikan di sistem ini dalam kawasan
tanah berair. Kajian ini mengandungi tiga rawatan iaitu SB, lampam jawa Barbonymus gonionotus; T, tilapia Oreochromis
niloticus; dan SBT, tilapia: lampam jawa (nisbah 1:1) dengan tiga replikasi
daripada setiap 6.75 m2 sayuran berlapis yang terapung. Ikan distok
pada kadar 3 m2 selama 5 bulan pengkulturan dan diberi makan
sebanyak 1.5% daripada berat badannya sebanyak dua kali sehari. Sepanjang
tempoh kajian, parameter kualiti air dan kadar kelangsungan hidup ikan tidak
menunjukkan variasi yang ketara antara kaedah yang
berbeza. Tilapia menunjukkan kadar pertumbuhan khusus harian yang lebih tinggi
dan ketara dalam pengkulturan mono dan poli, tetapi lampam jawa hanya pada sistem pengkulturan poli. Oleh itu, penghasilan
ikan keseluruhan dalam kg ha-1 adalah lebih ketara tinggi dalam rawatan
T (p = 0.001) dan SBT (p = 0.001) daripada SB. Penghasilan
sayuran adalah tidak ketara antara rawatan. Analisis kewangan menunjukkan
nisbah faedah-kos daripada rawatan yang berbeza adalah >1, menunjukkan
bahawa pelaburan adalah menguntungkan daripada segi kewangan untuk kesemua
rawatan, tetapi rawatan T dan SBT adalah lebih menguntungkan. Oleh itu, kami
dapat menyimpulkan bahawa integrasi ikan dengan sistem pertaninan berlapis
secara terapung boleh menjadi pendekatan yang ideal untuk menjana punca pendapatan
alternatif dan mengurangkan kesan perubahan iklim antara kawasan yang mudah
terkesan dengan bencana tanah berair di Bangladesh.
Kaa kunci: Akuakultur; Barbonymus gonionotus; penghasilan sayuran;
pertanian berlapis terapung; Oreochromis niloticus
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email:
shakhawate@bsmrau.edu.bd
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