Sains Malaysiana 48(4)(2019): 861–869

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4804-18

 

Kelakuan Pengoksidaan Keluli Tahan Karat Berferit SUS430 dan Kesan Pemeruapan Spesies Cr Bergas kepada Permukaan Katod LSCF dalam Suhu Operasi Sel Fuel Oksida Pepejal

(Oxidation Behaviour of SUS430 Ferritic Stainless Steel and Effects of Gaseous Cr Species Volatilization on LSCF Cathode Surface in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Operating Temperature)

 

ISYRAF AZNAM¹, JOELLE MAH CHIA WEN¹, ANDANASTUTI MUCHTAR^1,2*, NURUL AKIDAH BAHARUDDIN¹, MAHENDRA RAO SOMALU¹ & MARIYAM JAMEELAH GHAZALI²

 

¹Institut Sel Fuel, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

²Pusat Kejuruteraan Bahan dan Pembuatan Pintar, Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 7 November 2018/Diterima: 14 Februari 2019

 

ABSTRAK

Pengoksidaan antarahubung berasaskan bahan keluli tahan karat SUS430 dalam sel fuel oksida pepejal (SFOP) bersuhu sederhana menyumbang kepada pembentukan lapisan oksida yang mengandungi spesies kromium (Cr) meruap (volatile Cr species) di sekeliling komponen tersebut. Bagi tempoh operasi yang panjang, pemeruapan spesies Cr ini menyebabkan keracunan kromium pada komponen katod yang bersentuhan dengan permukaan antarahubung SUS430. Sehingga kini, katod La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3-δ (LSCF) merupakan calon terbaik bagi katod SFOP bersuhu sederhana. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti kesan jangka panjang pengoksidaan keluli SUS430 terhadap pembentukan spesies Cr meruap dan menentukan pengaruh pemeruapan Cr ke atas prestasi komponen katod LSCF. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pengoksidaan keluli SUS430 selama 200 jam membawa kepada pertambahan berat secara parabolik yang berkait dengan mekanisme pertumbuhan sisik oksida. Sisik ini terdapat dua lapisan iaitu spinel di bahagian atas diikuti lapisan kromia dan dilihat tidak memberi kesan signifikan pada kekonduksian SUS430. Walau bagaimanapun, pengendapan Cr pada permukaan katod LSCF menyebabkan pertumbuhan hablur SrCrO₄ dan Cr₂O₃. Pembentukan tersebut bukan sahaja mengurangkan aktiviti pemangkinan seperti penurunan oksigen dan meningkatkan rintangan elektrik, malah meningkatkan tenaga pengaktifan akibat peningkatan kepekatan kekosongan oksigen. Justeru, penghadangan pemeruapan Cr terbukti amat penting untuk mengekalkan kestabilan jangka panjang SFOP bersuhu sederhana.

 

Kata kunci: Antarahubung; Fe-Cr; mendakan; peracunan Cr; sisik oksida

 

ABSTRACT

Oxidation of ferritic stainless steel SUS430-based interconnects in intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC) contributes to the formation of oxide scales containing volatile chromium (Cr) species around the component. In a long-term operation, Cr volatilization causes Cr poisoning on the cathode component, which is in contact with the SUS430 interconnect. La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3-δ (LSCF) cathode is currently the best candidate for IT-SOFC cathode. This study aims to determine the effects of the long-term oxidation of SUS430 steel on volatile Cr species formation and to investigate the influence of Cr volatilization on the LSCF cathode performance. The results show that the oxidation of SUS430 steel for 200 h parabolically increased its weight due to oxide scale formation. The scale consists of two layers, namely, the spinel on top and the chromia layer, which does not affect the SUS430 conductivity. However, Cr deposition on the LSCF cathode surface causes the formation of SrCrO₄ and Cr₂O₃ crystallites. This phenomenon reduces the catalytic activity and increases the electrical resistance and the activation energy due to the high amount of oxygen vacancies. Therefore, the mitigation of volatile Cr species is important in maintaining the long-term stability of IT-SOFCs.

 

Keywords: Cr poisoning; Fe-Cr; interconnect; oxide scales; precipitation

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: muchtar@ukm.edu.my