Sains Malaysiana 47(9)(2018): 2151–2156

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4709-24

Penentuan Kepekatan Aktiviti Radionuklid Tabii 232th, 238u dan 40k dalam Ikan di Pesisiran Pantai Terengganu, Malaysia

(Determination of Concentration Activity Natural Radionuclide 232th, 238u and 40k in Fish at the Coastal Area of Terengganu, Malaysia)

MNR ROSLI^1*, SB SAMAT¹, MS YASIR¹ & MF MOHD YUSOF²

¹Pusat Pengajian Fizik Gunaan, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan, Kampus Kesihatan, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 3 Ogos 2017/Diterima: 9 Mei 2018

ABSTRAK

Penentuan 232Th, 238U dan 40K dalam 10 spesies ikan yang ditangkap dari 3 lokasi di kawasan pesisiran pantai Terengganu, Malaysia menggunakan teknik ICP-MS. Tahap kepekatan aktiviti (Bq kg^-1 berat kering) didapati berbeza daripada 2.72 × 10^-4 ± 1.96 × 10^-4 hingga 50.66 × 10^-4 ± 34.57 × 10^-4 bagi 232Th, 0.96 × 10^-3 ± 0.37 × 10^-3 hingga 10.04 × 10-3 ± 5.09 × 10^-3 bagi 238U dan 36.70 ± 17.53 hingga 82.38 ± 27.65 bagi 40K. Berdasarkan kepekatan aktiviti radionuklid, dos berkesan tahunan dan risiko kanser telah dianggarkan. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa dos berkesan kolektif (mSv tahun^-1) dianggarkan 2.47 × 10^-5 bagi 232Th, 6.52 × 10^-6 bagi 238U dan 1.9 × 10^-2 bagi 40K adalah jauh lebih rendah daripada saranan UNSCEAR. Risiko kanser bagi orang dewasa yang dianggarkan daripada dos berkesan tahunan adalah 66.9 × 10^-6. Nilai ini adalah jauh lebih rendah daripada faktor risiko kanser UNSCEAR iaitu 8.4 × 10^-3 dan faktor risiko kanser ICRP sebanyak 3.5 × 10^-3. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahawa dos yang diterima oleh penduduk setempat hasil daripada pengambilan ikan agak rendah dan tidak membahayakan kesihatan manusia dan selamat untuk dimakan.

Kata kunci: Dos dedahan dalaman; kepekatan aktiviti; radionuklid tabii; risiko kanser; spektrometri jisim-plasma gandingan teraruh

ABSTRACT

Determination of 40K, 232Th and 238U in 10 fish species caught from 3 locations in the coastal area of Terengganu, Malaysia were determined using ICP-MS technique. The activity concentration varies from 36.70 ± 17.53 to 82.38 ± 27.65 for 40K, 2.72 × 10^-4 ± 1.96 × 10^-4 to 50.66 × 10^-4 ± 34.57× 10^-4 for 232Th and 0.96 × 10^-3 ± 0.37 × 10^-3 to 10.04 × 10^-3 ± 5.09 × 10^-3 for 238U. Based on activity concentration, annual effective dose and cancer risk were estimated. The results showed that the collective effective doses (mSv year^-1) were estimated to be 2.47 × 10^-5 for 232Th, 6.52 × 10^-6 for 238U and 1.9 × 10^-2 for 40K is much lower than the UNSCEAR recommendation. Cancer risk for adults estimated from annual effective dose are 66.9 × 10^-6. This value are much lower than UNSCEAR cancer risk factor of 8.4 × 10^-3 and ICRP cancer risk factor of 3.5 × 10^-3. The present study concludes that the dose received by the locals due to consumption of fish rather small and did not deteriorate human’s health and safe for consumption.

Keywords: Activity concentration; cancer risk; inductive coupled plasma-mass spectrometry; ingestion dose; natural radionuclide

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