Sains Malaysiana 47(9)(2018): 2063–2071

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4709-14

Antibacterial Activity and Major Constituents of Polyalthia cinnamomea Basic Fraction

(Aktiviti Antibakteria dan Juzuk Utama Fraksi Bes Polyalthia cinnamomea)

PUTERI I.A.M. MAHMUD¹, WAN A. YAACOB¹, NAZLINA IBRAHIM² & MUNTAZ ABU BAKAR^1*

¹School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 31 Mac 2018/Diterima: 17 Mei 2018

ABSTRACT

Polyalthia cinnamomea Hook.f. & Thomson (Annonaceae) or locally known as ‘Larak Batu Bukit’, ‘Pisang-pisang’, ‘Sugao’ and ‘Sigumpet Hutan’ is a small woody plant found throughout Malaysia and Singapore. In this study, the basic chemical components from the leaves of the plant were fractionated and the antibacterial activity as well as the major constituents of the basic fraction was determined. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study being carried out on the bioactivity and phytochemistry of P. cinnamomea. The basic fraction remarkably inhibited the growth of ten bacteria tested except one. The biggest inhibitory diameter and the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration were 19.0±4.6 mm and 0.125 mg/mL against respective Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis of the basic fraction identified four major cyclosiloxanes of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (18.1%), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (16.4%), dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (14.1%) and tetradecamethylcycloheptasiloxane (6.0%). The knowledge of the antibacterial potential of P. cinnamomea basic fraction and the major constituents present in the fraction can be utilized in the fields of natural products, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and personel care industries.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity; basic fraction; cyclosiloxane; Polyalthia cinnamomea

ABSTRAK

Polyalthia cinnamomea Hook.f. & Thomson (Annonaceae) atau dikenali tempatan sebagai Larak Batu Bukit, Pisang-pisang, Sugao dan Sigumpet Hutan merupakan tumbuhan berkayu kecil yang tumbuh di seluruh Malaysia dan Singapura. Dalam kajian ini, komponen kimia asas daripada daun tumbuhan tersebut telah difraksikan dan aktiviti antibakteria berserta juzuk utama fraksi bes tersebut telah ditentukan. Setahu kami, ini adalah kajian pertama yang dijalankan terhadap bioaktiviti dan fitokimia P. cinnamomea. Fraksi bes tersebut telah merencat secara luar biasa pertumbuhan sepuluh bakteria yang diuji kecuali satu. Diameter perencatan terbesar dan kepekatan perencatan minimum terendah adalah 19.0±4.6 mm dan 0.125 mg/mL masing-masing terhadap Bacillus subtilis dan Bacillus thuringiensis. Analisis kromatografi gas-spektroskopi jisim (KGSJ) fraksi bes tersebut telah mengenal pasti empat siklosiloksana utama, iaitu oktametilsiklotetrasiloksana (18.1%), dekametilsiklopentasiloksana (16.4%), dodekametilsikloheksasiloksana (14.1%) dan tetradekametilsikloheptasiloksana (6.0%). Pengetahuan potensi antibakteria fraksi bes P. cinanamomea dan komponen utama yang hadir dalam fraksi tersebut boleh dimanfaatkan dalam bidang hasilan alami, industri farmaseutik, kosmetik dan penjagaan peribadi.

Kata kunci: Aktiviti antibakteria; fraksi bes; Polyalthia cinnamomea; siklosiloksana

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: muntaz@ukm.edu.my