Sains Malaysiana 47(4)(2018): 773-779

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4704-16

Perbandingan Dos Sinaran antara Prosedur Urografi Intravena (IVU) dan Tomografi Berkomputer Helikal Tanpa Kontras (UHCT) Urografi

(Radiation Dose Comparison between Intravenous Urography (IVU) and Unenhanced Helical Computed Tomography (UHCT) Urography)

AKMAL SABARUDIN¹*, KANAGA KUMARI CHELLIAH² & HAMZAINI ABDUL HAMID³

¹Program Pengimejan Diagnostik & Radioterapi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak,

56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 24 April 2013/Diterima: 9 November 2017

ABSTRAK

Urografi intravena (IVU) dan tomografi berkomputer helikal tanpa kontras (UHCT) urografi adalah dua prosedur utama yang akan dijalankan semasa kajian radiologi bagi pengesanan urolitiasis (batu karang) pada sistem genitourinari. Dedahan terhadap sinaran radiasi merupakan faktor kebimbangan utama dalam kedua-dua prosedur. Oleh itu, satu kajian perbandingan dos sinaran telah dijalankan antara prosedur IVU dan UHCT urografi di samping menentukan faktor dedahan optimum bagi kedua-dua prosedur tersebut. Kajian ini telah dijalankan ke atas fantom antropomorfi seluruh tubuh mengikut protokol sebenar bagi prosedur UHCT urografi dan penghasilan radiografi bersiri beserta dengan pemberian media berkontras bagi prosedur IVU. Sebanyak tiga parameter dedahan voltan tiub digunakan iaitu 75, 80 dan 85 kVp bagi prosedur IVU dan 100, 120 dan 140 kVp bagi prosedur UHCT urografi. Hasil dos sinaran bagi prosedur IVU yang diperoleh adalah 1.40, 2.10 dan 2.79 mSv bagi 75, 80 dan 85 kVp. Manakala bagi prosedur UHCT urografi, sebanyak 0.76, 1.32 dan 1.82 mSv dos sinaran direkodkan bagi 100, 120 dan 140 kVp. Hasil kualiti imej optimum adalah menggunakan dedahan sebanyak 85 kVp bagi prosedur IVU dan 120 kVp bagi prosedur UHCT urografi. Kesimpulannya, walaupun tidak terdapat perbezaan signifikan, dos sinaran yang terhasil daripada prosedur IVU adalah tekal lebih tinggi daripada prosedur UHCT urografi.

Kata kunci: Dos sinaran; kualiti imej; tomografi berkomputer helikal tanpa kontras urografi; urografi intravena

ABSTRACT

Intravenous urography (IVU) and unenhanced helical computed tomography (UHCT) urography are the two main procedures performed in the radiological investigation for urolithiasis (urinary tract stone). However, exposure to ionizing radiation is the main concern in both procedures. Therefore, a dose comparison study was conducted between IVU and UHCT urography procedures to determine the optimum exposure parameters in this study. An anthropomorphic whole body phantom was used following the exact procedure of UHCT urography and series of imaging for IVU with an administration of contrast media. Three different exposure parameters were used for IVU with 75, 80 and 85 kVp while 100, 120 and 140 kVp for UHCT urography, respectively. As a result, the radiation doses for IVU were 1.40, 2.10 and 2.79 mSv corresponding to 75, 80 and 85 kVp, respectively. On the other hand, the radiation doses for UHCT urography were 0.76, 1.32 and 1.82 mSv for 100, 120 and 140 kVp, respectively. However the optimum image was obtained at 85 kVp for IVU and 120 kVp for UHCT urography. In conclusion, the doses obtained from IVU were consistently higher than UHCT urography but not significantly different.

Keywords: Image quality; intravenous urography; radiation dose; unenhanced helical computed tomography urography

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: akmal.sabarudin@fsk.ukm.my