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Sains Malaysiana 46(7)(2017): 1047–1059
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4607-06
Pengelupasan Grafit untuk Mengkomersilkan Teknologi Grafin
(Graphite Exfoliation to Commercialize
Graphene Technology)
KIM S. SIOW*
Institut Mikro-Juruteraan dan Nanoelektronik, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 21 Disember 2016/Diterima:
25 Januari 2017
ABSTRAK
Kertas ini mengkaji teknologi pengelupasan untuk menghasilkan grafin, grafin oksida (GO) dan grafin oksida terturun (rGO). Empat teknologi pengelupasan yang utama dikenal pasti dalam tinjauan ini iaitu pengelupasan mekanik, pengelupasan cecair, interkalasi-pengelupasan dan pengoksidaan-pengelupasan-penurunan. Setiap teknologi ini dibincangkan daripada segi kualiti grafin, grafit nanoplat, GO dan rGO yang dihasilkan dan langkah utama proses termasuk bahan kimia yang digunakan. Kami juga membuat satu kajian kemudah-capaian dan analisis sensitiviti untuk menubuhkan satu kilang penghasilan grafin yang berasaskan teknologi pengelupasan, saiz pasaran grafin dan bahan mentahnya iaitu grafit. Berdasarkan kitar gemburan Gartner, teknologi dan produk yang berasaskan grafin terletak di tiga lokasi iaitu lembah kekecewaan, cerun pencerahan dan dataran tinggi produktiviti.
Kata kunci:
Grafin; grafin
oksida terturun; grafit pengelupasan; interkalasi
ABSTRACT
This paper surveys the main
exfoliation technologies to produce graphene, grafin oxide or reduced graphene oxide (rGO).
The four main exfoliation technologies are known as mechanical exfoliation,
liquid exfoliation, intercalation-exfoliation and
oxidation-exfoliation-reduction. The qualities of graphene, graphite nanoplate, GO and rGO and
the different process steps as well as the chemicals used in these four
techniques were discussed in this paper. The review also includes the
feasibility and sensitivity analysis of setting up exfoliation-based graphene
factory, the market size of graphene and its feedstock i.e. graphite. Depending
on the application of the graphene-enabled product, the respective technologies
are located either in the trough of disillusionment, slope of enlightenment and
plateau of productivity in the Gartner hype cycle.
Keywords: Exfoliation; graphene; graphite; intercalation; reduced
graphene oxide
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: kimsiow@ukm.edu.my
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