Sains Malaysiana 45(11)(2016): 1609–1615

 

Yield and Nutritional Composition of Oyster Mushrooms: An Alternative Nutritional Source for Rural People

(Komposisi Hasil dan Nutrisi Cendawan Tiram: Sumber Pemakanan Alternatif bagi Penduduk Luar Bandar)

 

MOSTAK AHMED¹, NOORLIDAH ABDULLAH¹*& M.M. NURUDDIN²

 

¹Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia

 

²Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

 

Diserahkan: 7 Mei 2015/Diterima: 29 Mac 2016

 

ABSTRACT

In recent decades, minimizing the frequency of nutrient deficiency and malnutrition in rural areas of developing countries becomes an alarming issue. Oyster mushrooms are rich source of both macro and micro nutrients. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the yield of newly introduced oyster mushroom strains viz. Pleurotus sajor-caju (PSC), Pleurotus flabellatus (FLB), Pleurotus florida (FLO), Pleurotus ostreatus (PO₂ and PO₃), Pleurotus ostreatus (HK-51) and Pleurotus geesteranus (PG₁ and PG₃) and to justify their nutritional values when grown in the climatic condition of Bangladesh. Strain HK-51 produced the highest amount of fresh sporophore (197.80 g). In contrast, the highest number of fruiting body was obtained from the strain FLO (82 g) followed by strain PSC (69 g). Strain PG₁ has recorded the highest biological yield (278 g), productivity (55%) and biological efficiency (96%). Nutrient and mineral analysis of sporophore of strain PG₁ showed protein (31.80%), lipid (3.6%), potassium (1.3 mg/100 g), phosphorus (0.8 mg/100 g), calcium (32 mg/100 g), iron (43 mg/100 g), magnesium (12 mg/100 g), copper (3.5 mcg/100 g), zinc (12.5 mcg/100 g) and manganese (2.3 mcg/100 g). This study showed that the strain PG₁ performed well with regard to quality and productivity as compared to other strains. Hence, oyster mushroom strain PG₁ is a potential cheap source of nutrients and minerals to combat socioeconomic problems including malnutrition, diseases linked to malnutrition, poverty reduction and agricultural diversity.

 

Keywords: Biological efficiency; mushroom cultivation; nutrient deficiency; Pleurotus species

 

ABSTRAK

Beberapa dekad kebelakangan ini, meminimumkan kekerapan kekurangan nutrien dan zat makanan di kawasan pedalaman negara membangun menjadi suatu masalah yang membimbangkan. Cendawan tiram kaya dengan sumber nutrien makro dan mikro. Objektif penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk menilai kadar hasil bagi strain cendawan tiram yang baru diperkenalkan iaitu Pleurotus sajor-caju (PSC), Pleurotus flabellatus (FLB), Pleurotus florida (FLO), Pleurotus ostreatus (PO₂ dan PO₃), Pleurotus ostreatus (HK-51) dan Pleurotus geesteranus (PG₁ dan PG₃) untuk mewajarkan nilai pemakanan apabila ditanam dalam keadaan iklim Bangladesh. Strain HK-51 menghasilkan jumlah tertinggi sporofor segar (197.80 g). Sebaliknya, bilangan tertinggi jasad berbuah telah diperoleh daripada strain FLO (82 g) diikuti dengan strain PSC (69 g). Strain PG1 telah mencatat pulangan biologi tertinggi (278 g), produktiviti (55%) dan kecekapan biologi (96%). Analisis nutrien dan mineral sporofor strain PG₁ menunjukkan protein (31.80%), lipid (3.6%), kalium (1.3 mg/100 g), fosforus (0.8 mg/100 g), kalsium (32 mg/100 g), besi (43 mg/100 g), magnesium (12 mg/100 g), kuprum (3.5 mcg/100 g), zink (mcg 12.5/100 g) dan mangan (2.3 mcg/100 g). Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa strain PG₁ menunjukkan prestasi yang baik daripada segi kualiti dan produktiviti berbanding dengan strain lain. Oleh itu, cendawan tiram strain PG₁ berpotensi sebagai sumber nutrien dan mineral yang murah untuk memerangi masalah sosioekonomi termasuk malnutrisi, penyakit berkaitan malnutrisi, pengurangan kemiskinan dan kepelbagaian pertanian.

 

Kata kunci: Kecekapan biologi; kekurangan nutrien; penanaman cendawan; spesies Pleurotus

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*Pengarang untuk surat menyurat; email: noorlidah@um.edu.my