Sains Malaysiana 42(3)(2013): 403–408
Neuropsychological Profile at Three Months Post Injury in
Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
(Profil Neuropsikologi Tiga
Bulan Selepas Kecederaan pada Pesakit dengan Kecederaan Trauma Otak)
Ramli Ali
Department of Psychiatry, Hospital
Selayang, Lebuhraya Selayang-Kepong
68100 Batu Caves, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Suzaily Wahab* & Abdul Hamid Abdul
Rahman
Department of Psychiatry, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC)
Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 12 Mei 2012/Diterima: 4 Julai
2012
ABSTRACT
This study looked into the rate and pattern of neuropsychological
impairment in patients with traumatic brain injury patients at three months
post injury. Forty patients attending the neurosurgery outpatient clinic were
included in the study. Benton visual retention test (BVRT), rey auditory verbal learning test (RAVLT), digit span test,
trail making test (TMT) and mini mental state examination (MMSE)
were used for assessment. Forty five percent (n=18) sustained moderate to
severe head injury. Twenty five percent (n=10) have abnormal MMSE result. Forty two
and a half percent (n=17) have abnormal BVRT result. Seventy five percent (n=30) have
abnormal RAVLT result while 35% (n=14) have abnormal digit span test result.
Seventy seven and a half percent (n=31) have at least one neurological deficit.
There was significant association between severity of head injury (GCS score)
and neuropsychological deficit. This study highlights the point that in post
head injury patients, there are high occurrences of cognitive dysfunction. MMSE and GCS play
a significant and important role in assessing cognitive dysfunction. Severity
of head injury as determined by GCS scores also influence the outcome in
patients with head injury.
Keywords: Cognitive dysfunction; head injury; neuropsychological
impairment
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini melihat kadar dan bentuk kelainan neuropsikologi dalam kalangan mereka yang mengalami kecederaan kepala tiga bulan selepas kemalangan. Empat puluh pesakit yang datang ke klinik pesakit luar neurosurgeri diambil untuk kajian ini. Ujian pengekalan penglihatan Benton
(BVRT), ujian pembelajaran pendengaran verbal rey (RAVLT), ujian digit span, ujian membuat jejak (TMT) dan pemeriksaan keadaan mental mini (MMSE) digunakan untuk pengukuran. Empat puluh lima peratus (n=18) mengalami kecederaan kepala yang sederhana kepada teruk. Dua puluh lima peratus (n=10) menunjukkan keputusan MMSE yang tidak normal. Empat puluh dua setengah peratus (n=17) menunjukkan keputusan BVRT tidak normal. Tujuh puluh lima peratus (n=30) menunjukkan keputusan RAVLT tidak normal, sementara 35%
(n=14) menunjukkan ujian digit span tidak normal. Tujuh puluh tujuh setengah peratus (n=31) mengalami sekurang-kurangnya satu kelainan neuropsikologi. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara keterukan kecederaan kepala (skor GCS) dengan kelainan neuropsikologi. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa selepas berlakunya kecederaan kepala terdapat disfungsi kognitif pada kadar yang tinggi. MMSE dan GCS memainkan peranan yang signifikan dan penting dalam mengukur disfungsi kognitif. Keterukan kecederaan kepala yang diukur oleh skor GCS juga mempengaruhi kesan akhir pada pesakit yang mengalami kecederaan kepala.
Kata kunci: Kecederaan kepala; kecelaan kognitif; kelainan neuropsikiologi
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*Pengarang untuk
surat-menyurat: suzailywhb@yahoo.com
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