Sains Malaysiana 42(10)(2013): 1511–1516
Anti-inflammatory
Effects of Labisia pumila (Blume) F. Vill-Naves. Aqueous Extract
(Kesan
Ekstrak Larutan Labisia pumila (Blume) F. Vill-Naves. Sebagai
Anti-radang)
R.A.M. Sanusi1, N.A. Ab Shukor2* & M.R. Sulaiman3
1Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM,
Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
2Institute of Tropical Forest and Forest Products
(INTROP),
Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor,
Malaysia
3Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti
Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 13 April 2013/Diterima: 12 Mei 2013
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory
effects of three concentrations of Labisia pumila (Blume) F. Vill-Naves aqueous leaf extract in
rats. The effects of these extracts as anti-inflammatory agents were determined
using two experiments namely formalin-induced paw licking and
carrageenan-induced paw oedema test. The exposure of inflammation to various
treatments resulted in significant differences between treatments in
formalin-induced paw licking in rats experiment whereas in phase 2, 50 mg kg-1 of L. pumila extract showed the most significant inhibition of 82.12%,
followed by 10 mg kg-1 with 76.00% and 25 mg kg-1 with 57.80%.
Similarly, different treatments showed significant effects at p<0.05
in the carrageenan inducing paw oedema experiment. All treatments were able to
suppress the oedema formation induced by carrageenan as compared with the
control. It is evident that the anti-inflammtory effect of every concentration
of L. pumila extract started
as early as the first hour of carrageenan injection and showed the maximum
inhibition during the fifth hour. Again, 50 mg kg-1 of L. pumila extract
was found to be the best treatment that could reduce inflammation with highest
inhibition of 64.59% followed by 25 mg kg-1 with 56.99% and 10 mg kg-1 with
5.55%. The result of this study has shown that these extracts of L. pumila can be effective for anti-inflammation
purposes which supports and justifies traditional uses of this plant.
Keywords: Anti-inflammation; carrageenan induce paw oedema test;
formalin-induced paw licking test; Labisia pumila; medicinal plants
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini telah dijalankan untuk menilai kesan tiga kepekatan
ekstrak larutan Labisia pumila sebagai
anti-radang ke atas tikus. Kesan ekstrak sebagai anti-radang dikenal pasti
melalui uji kaji formalin yang menyebabkan tikus menjilat tapak kaki dan
karaginan yang menyebabkan kebengkakan pada tapak kaki. Kesan rawatan terhadap
keradangan menunjukkan perbezaan bererti dalam pengurangan radang di dalam uji
kaji formalin dan di dalam fasa 2, 50 mg kg-1 ekstrak L. pumila menunjukkan
kesan pengurangan paling bererti sebanyak 82.12%, diikuti 10 mg kg-1 dengan
76.00% dan 25 mg kg-1 dengan 57.80%. Rawatan yang berbeza juga
memberikan kesan yang bererti pada p<0.05 di dalam uji kaji karaginan
yang menyebabkan kebengkakan tapak kaki. Semua rawatan yang diberikan dapat
mengurangkan kebengkakan yang disebabkan oleh karaginan jika dibandingkan
dengan kawalan. Adalah terbukti bahawa kesan anti-radang dalam setiap kepekatan
ekstrak L. pumila bermula seawal jam pertama dan memberi kesan maksimum
dalam pengurangan radang semasa atau pada jam kelima selepas suntikan
karaginan. Sekali lagi kepekatan 50 mg kg-1 merupakan rawatan
terbaik untuk mengurangkan radang dengan peratusan tertinggi sebanyak 64.59%
diikuti dengan 25 mg kg-1 sebanyak 56.99% dan 10 mg kg-1 sebanyak 5.55%.
Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa ekstrak L. pumila adalah berkesan
untuk digunakan sebagai rawatan anti-radang dan ini menyokong penggunaan
tradisi tumbuhan ini.
Kata kunci: Anti-radang; Labisia pumila; tumbuhan ubatan; ujian jilat tapak kaki
rangsangan formalin; ujian kebengkakan tapak kaki rangsangan karaginan
RUJUKAN
Afzal, M. Gupta, G., Kazmi, I., Rehman,
M., Afzal, O., Alam, J., Hakeem, K.R., Pravez, M., Gupta, R. & Anwar, F.
2012. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of a novel steroidal derivative
from Bryophyllum pinnatum. Fitoterapia 83(5): 853-858.
Ara, A., Arifuzzaman, M., Ghosh, C.K., Hashem,
M.A., Ahmad, M.U., Bachar, S.C., Nahar, L. & Sarker, S.D. 2010.
Anti-inflammatory activity of Adenanthera pavonina L., Fabaceae, in
experimental animals. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy 20(6): 929-932.
Asmawi, M.Z., Kankaanranta, H., Moilanen, E.
& Vapaatalo, H. 1993. Anti-inflammatory activities of Emblica
officinalis Gaertn leaf extracts. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 45(6):
581-584.
Burkill, I.H. 1935. A Dictionary of the
Economic Products of the Malay Peninsula. London: Crown Agent.
Calixto, J.B., Beirith, A., Santos, A.R.,
Cechinel, F.V. & Yunes, R.A. 2000. Naturally occurring anti-nociceptive
substances from plants. Phytotheraphy Research 14: 401-418.
Campos, M.M., Mata, L.V. & Calixto, J.B.
1995. Expression of B1 kinin receptors mediating paw edema and formalin-induced
nociception. Modulation by glucocorticoids. Canadian Journal of
Physiological and Pharmacology 73: 812-819.
Choi, H., Kim, D., Kim, J.W., Ngadiran, S.,
Sarmidi, M.R. & Park, C.S. 2009. Labisia pumila extract protects
skin cells from photoaging caused by UVB irradiation. Journal of Bioscience
and BioBioengineering 109(3): 291-296.
Chua, L.S., Latiff, N.A., Lee, S.Y., Lee, S.T.,
Sarmidi, M.R. & Aziz, R.A. 2011. Flavonoids and phenolic acids from Labisia
pumila (Kacip Fatimah). Food Chemistry 127: 1186-1192.
Gepdiremen, A., Mshvildadze, V., Süleyman, H.
& Elias, R. 2005. Acute anti-inflammatory activity of four saponins
isolated from ivy: Alpha-hederin, hederasaponin-C, hederacolchiside-E and
hederacolchiside-F in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. Phytomedicine 12(6):
440-444.
Hosseinzadeh, H. & Younesi, H.M. 2002.
Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Crocus sativus L. stigma
and petal extracts in mice. BMC Pharmacology 2: 7.
Ibrahim, M.H. & Jaafar, H.Z. 2011. The
relationship of nitrogen and C/N ratio with secondary metabolites levels and
antioxidant activities in three varieties of malaysian Kacip Fatimah (Labisia
pumila Blume). Molecules 16: 5514-5526.
Jamia, A.J., Houghton, P.J., Miligan, S.M. &
Ibrahim, J. 2003. The oestrogenic and cytotoxic effects of the extracts of Labisia
pumila var. alata and Labisia pumila var. pumila in
vitro. Malaysian Journal of Health Science 1: 53-60.
Karimi, E. & Jaafar, H.Z. 2011. HPLC and
GC-MS determination of bioactive compounds in microwave obtained extracts of
three varieties of Labisia pumila Benth. Molecules 16(8):
6791-6805.
Karimi, E., Jaafar, H.Z. & Ahmad, S. 2011.
Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activities of methanolic extracts of
leaf, stem and root from different varieties of Labisa pumila Benth. Molecules 16(6): 4438-4450.
Londonkar, R., Kamble, A. & Reddy, V.C.
2010. Anti-inflammatory activity of Pandanus odoratis simus extract. International
Journal of Pharmacology 6: 311-314.
Mart?nez Ruiz, M.G., Richard-Greenblatt, M.,
Ju´arez, Z.N., Av- Gay, Y., Bach, H. & Hernandez, L.R. 2012. Antimicrobial,
anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, and cytotoxic activities of Laennecia
confusa. The ScientificWorld Journal, Article ID 263572, 8 pages
doi:10.1100/2012/263572.
Nadia, E.M., Nazrun, A.S., Norazlina, M., Isa,
N.M., Norliza, M. & Nirwana, S.I. 2012. The anti-inflammatory,
phytoestrogenic, and antioxidative role of Labisia pumila in prevention
of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Advances in Pharmacological Sciences 2012:
1-7.
Nair, V.D., Panneerselvam, R. & Gopi, R.
2012. Studies on methanolic extract of Rauvolfia species from Southern Western
Ghats of India - In vitro antioxidant properties, characterisation of
nutrients and phytochemicals. Industrial Crops and Products 39: 17-25.
Norhaiza, M., Maziah, M. & Hakiman, M. 2009.
Antioxidative properties of leaf extracts of a popular Malaysian herb, Labisia
pumila. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 3(4): 217-223.
Okechukwa, P.N. & Ikujuni, C.M. 2012. The
study of anti-inflammatory anti-pyretic and anti-nociceptive activities of
extract from leaves of Labisia pumila. International Journal of
Pharmacology & Toxicology Science 2(2): 12-27.
Ramesh, M., Rao, Y.N., Rao, A.V., Prabhakar,
M.C., Rao, C.S., Muralidhar, N. & Reddy, B.M. 1998. Anti-nociceptive and
anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoid is from Caralluma attenuate. Journal
of Ethnopharmacology 62: 63-66.
Samud, A.M., Asmawi, M.Z., Sharma, J.N. &
Yusof, A.P. 1999. Anti-inflammatory activity of Crinum asiaticum plant
and its effect on bradykinin-induced contractions on isolated uterus. Immunopharmacology 43(2-3): 311-316.
Stone, B.C. 1998. Notes on the genus of Labisia Lindl. (Myrsinaceae). Malayan Nature Journal 42: 43-51.
Tominaga, M., Numazaki, M., Iida, T., Moriyama,
T., Togashi, K., Higashi, T., Murayama, N. & Tominaga, T. 2004. Regulation
mechanisms of vanilloid receptors. In Symposium on Pathological Pain: From
Molecular Clinical Aspects, held at the Novartis Tsukuba Research
Institute, Tsukuba, Japan, in collaboration with the Novartis Foundation
(Japan) for the promotion of Science, 30 September-2 October 2003. Chichester:
John Wiley & Sons. Pp. 4-18.
Sosa, S., Balick, M.J., Arvigo, R., Esposito,
R.G., Pizza, C., Altinier, G. & Tubaro, A. 2002. Screening of the topical
anti-inflammatory activity of some Central American plants. Journal of
Ethnopharmacology 81: 211-215.
Yam, M.F., Ang, L.F., Ameer, O.Z., Salman, I.M.,
Aziz, H.A. & Asmawi, M.Z. 2009. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Elephantopus
tomentosus ethanolic extract. Journal of Acupuncture Meridian Studies 2(4):
280-287.
*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: anishukor@yahoo.com
|