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Effects of the Phloemic Stress on the
Growth, Development and Quality of Wax Apple (Syzygium samarangense) cv. Jambu madu
(Kesan
Tekanan Floem Terhadap Pertumbuhan, Perkembangan dan Kualiti Epal Lilin
(Syzygium
samarangense) cv. Jambu Air Madu)
Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker*, Normaniza Osman, Abm Sharif Hossain
& Amru Nasrulhaq Boyce
Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty
of Science, University of Malaya
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 21 Mac 2011 / Diterima: 2
November 2011
ABSTRACT
A study was carried out
to investigate the effects of different girdling techniques on the growth,
development and quality of red wax apple fruits (Syzygium
samarangense). Selected horticultural parameters were monitored at one week
interval during the growth period from December 2008 to October 2010, using I,
C, V shaped, 50%, and 100% girdling. Girdling was applied 2 weeks before
flowering. The results showed that the C-shaped girdling technique produced the
best results with regard to the fruit setting and chlorophyll content in
comparison to the control and the other girdling techniques employed.
Furthermore, C-shaped girdling enhanced faster fruit growth producing the best
final fruit length and diameter. In addition to significantly increased yield,
juice percentage, leaf dry matter, biomass and TSS content
of fruits. It was also observed that 50% girdling decreased fruit dropping.
V-shaped girdling also increased the number of bud and reduced bud dropping
compared to control. I-shaped girdle fruits produced the highest amount of K+ content
in fruit juice compared to other treatments. The color development of the fruit
peel in 100% girdling was also the highest among the treatments. From this
study, it can be concluded that C-shaped girdling applied two weeks before
flowering produced better fruit growth, yield and quality of red wax apple
fruits under field conditions.
Keywords: Fruit quality;
girdling; Syzygium samarangense
ABSTRAK
Satu kajian telah
dijalankan untuk menentukan kesan teknik girdling yang berbeza ke atas
pertumbuhan, pembangunan dan kualiti air buah epal merah (Syzygium
samarangense). Parameter hortikultur yang terpilih telah dipantau pada
selang seminggu dalam tempoh pertumbuhan dari Disember 2008 hingga Oktober
2010, dengan menggunakan teknik girdling berbentuk I, C, V, 50%, dan 100%
girdling. Girdling telah diaplikasikan 2 minggu sebelum berbunga. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa teknik girdling berbentuk C
menghasilkan keputusan yang terbaik mengenai tetapan buah-buahan dan kandungan
klorofil berbanding kawalan dan teknik-teknik girdling yang lain. Tambahan
pula, girdling berbentuk C didapati meningkatkan pertumbuhan buah-buahan dengan
lebih cepat dalam menghasilkan panjang dan diameter akhir buah yang terbaik,
sebagai tambahan kepada peningkatan hasil yang ketara dalam peratusan jus,
berat kering daun, biojisim dan kandungan TSS buah.
Girdling 50% juga dapat dilihat menurunkan keguguran buah. Girdling berbentuk V
juga meningkatkan bilangan putik dan mengurangkan keguguran berbanding kawalan.
Girdling berbentuk I menghasilkan jumlah kandungan K+ tertinggi
dalam jus buah berbanding perlakuan lain. Perkembangan warna
bagi pengupasan buah dalam girdling 100% juga adalah yang tertinggi di antara
perlakuan. Daripada kajian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahawa girdling
berbentuk C yang diaplikasikan dua minggu sebelum berbunga menghasilkan
pertumbuhan hasil dan kualiti buah epal merah yang lebih baik di lapangan.
Kata
kunci: Girdling;
kualiti buah; Sizigium samarangense
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; e-mail: kmoneruzzaman@yahoo.com
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