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Sains Malaysiana 46(10)(2017):
1849–1857 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4610-23
Dietary Patterns and Its Associations with Adipokines (Adiponectin and Leptin) among Adults: A Narrative Review (Corak Pemakanan
dan Kaitannya
dengan Adipokin (Adiponektin dan Leptin) dalam kalangan Dewasa: Sebuah Ulasan Naratif) NOR SYAMIMI
ZAKARAI
& MOHD RAZIF SHAHRIL* School of Nutrition
and Dietetics Faculty of Health Sciences Universiti
Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak
Campus 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu
Darul Iman Malaysia Received:
22 April 2016/Accepted: 23 February 2017 ABSTRACT To
compile and analyse existing scientific
evidence regarding the association of dietary patterns with
adiponectin and leptin. Medline and PubMed electronic databases were searched for articles
related to the association of dietary patterns with adiponectin
and leptin from 2005 to 2015. Only full text articles using
English as a language of publication were included. Studies
were limited to the use of food frequency questionnaires in
assessing dietary intake, factor analysis using principal component
analysis, cluster analysis or reduced rank regression method
in determining dietary pattern. A total of six relevant studies
involving a total of 6467 subjects (47% men and 53% women) met
the inclusion criteria from 1407 reviewed articles Twelve dietary
patterns were extracted i.e. healthy pattern, meat and fat,
sweet pattern, potatoes and refined grains, Japanese pattern,
westernized pattern, mixed pattern, traditional pattern, vegetables,
fruits and lean meat pattern, high alcohol, ‘Izakaya’
pattern and dieting. Two studies showed association with leptin
which serum leptin concentration showed significantly higher
in vegetables, fruits and lean meat compared to western pattern
and lower circulating levels of leptin in westernized breakfast
dietary pattern. Adiponectin concentration
resulting significant positive relationship with fruits and
vegetables, dieting, Japanese and healthy dietary pattern.
Adherence to healthy dietary patterns plays an important role
on serum adiponectin and leptin concentration. However, in most
studies that resulted in a significant relationship, adiponectin,
leptin and diet components were evaluated separately. Therefore,
further well-designed studies were required to clarify the mechanism
mediating relationship between dietary patterns and adipokines. Keywords: Adiponectin;
adult; dietary pattern; food-frequency questionnaires; factor
analysis; leptin; principal component analysis ABSTRAK Mengumpul dan menganalisis
data kajian saintifik
yang sedia ada mengenai
perkaitan di antara
corak pemakanan dengan adiponektin dan leptin. Pangkalan data
elektronik Medline dan PubMed telah digunakan untuk mencari artikel
mengenai perkaitan
corak pemakanan dengan adiponektin dan leptin dari tahun 2005 hingga 2015. Hanya artikel teks penuh
dan yang menggunakan
bahasa Inggeris sebagai bahasa penerbitan diterima. Kajian telah terhad kepada
penggunaan soal
selidik kekerapan pengambilan makanan dalam menilai pengambilan
makanan manakala
dalam menentukan corak pemakanan kaedah yang digunakan haruslah faktor analisis, analisis komponen utama, analisis kelompok atau pengurangan kaedah regresi pangkat. Sebanyak enam kajian yang
relevan dan
memenuhi kriteria dari 1407 artikel yang telah dipilih. Kajian terpilih tersebut melibatkan seramai 6467 orang subjek (53% wanita dan 47% lelaki). Dua belas corak
pemakanan yang dikaji
ialah pemakanan sihat, daging dan
lemak, gula
dan manisan, kentang
dan bijirin
halus, pemakanan Jepun, pemakanan barat, pemakanan pelbagai, pemakanan tradisional, sayur-sayuran, buah-buahan dan corak pemakanan daging tanpa lemak,
alkohol yang tinggi
dan diet ‘Izakaya’. Dua kajian menunjukkan perkaitan dengan leptin dimana kepekatan serum leptin adalah jauh lebih
tinggi dengan
pengambilan corak pemakanan sayur-sayuran, buah-buahan dan daging tanpa lemak
berbanding corak
pemakanan barat. Kepekatan leptin
dalam serum adalah
lebih rendah pada
pengambilan sarapan
makanan barat. Manakala, kepekatan adiponektin menunjukkan perkaitan positif yang signifikan dengan pengambilan corak pemakanan tinggi buah buahan
dan sayuran,
corak pemakanan Jepun dan pemakanan
sihat. Amalan corak pemakanan
yang sihat memainkan
peranan penting dalam mengawal kepekatan adiponektin dan leptin dalam serum. Walau bagaimanapun, dalam kebanyakan kajian yang menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan bagi adiponektin dan leptin, komponen dietnya telah dinilai secara
berasingan. Oleh itu,
kajian yang lebih
lanjut perlu dilakukan
untuk menjelaskan
hubungan mekanisme di antara corak pemakanan
dan adipokin. Kata kunci: Adiponektin; analisis komponen utama; corak pemakanan;
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